The Pigman :: essays research papers

The PigmanLorraine is one of the main characters in the book called The Pigman. This book is about deuce kids, Lorraine and her good friend John. Lorraine has many different traits. One of her main traits is that sheis paranoid. She also is very shy and softspoken, but rear be a comedianotherwise.Lorraine brush off be extremely paranoid about doing things that she hasntdone before. She wont want to try something new unless it looksperfectly safe. Not that it is a bad thing, just that a clutch of times itseems to get in the way of her having a good time. She seems to getthis from her mother, which is always worried about her daughter andwhat boys might do to her. Lorraines mother worries that she is wear too short of dresses, or that the things that she wears are too"sexual". Even though Lorraine is quite paranoid, she doesnt seem tohave a problem with ditching school. This is something that her andJohn would do often after they met the Pigman, Mr. Pignati. It seemedthat s he would never be the type to throw a party. It seemed in a waythat John convinced her into it in a way.Lorraine can also be shy and softspoken. She never really stood up toher mom or rebelled in any way like John did. When her and her mom gotinto a fight, she was thinking about how she wanted to yell at her momand the next minute she was over at the table comforting her. Thisshowed that she did care about her mother, veritable(a) if her mother was kindof strict. She would go along with a lot of things that John said justbecause she didnt want to stand up to him. This showed that she didntreally have a backbone, and that she was easily pushed around.Lorraine can also be a comedian. Her and John and Pigman would alltake turns entertaining eachother by dressing up or doing somethingstupid, and she unbroken right up with them. She seemed to like toentertain people, but she just had to be in the right mood.

Anxiety And Depression In Afro-americans :: essays research papers fc

Anxiety And Depression In Afro-AmericansA major cause of moral health disorders such as picture and anxietyin individuals is stress. Defined stress is an internal response caused by theapplication of a stressor or anything that requires coping behaviour. Forexample the pressure of a job, supporting a family or getting an education arestressors that can result in feeling and anxiety. Individuals and groups thathave numerous resources or other coping mechanisms are better suit for copingwith stress than are those who lack such resources. As a result, social andeconomic circumstances in North America suggest that the color and Latinocommunities have a higher risk for developing mental disorders than does thenon-black make up of the United States. Hence this paper will attempt to debate how due to socio-economic differences such as money, racism andincreased exposure to violence, blacks have a greater chance to develop mentaldisorders such as depression and anxiety.Some definitions Stress, Depression & AnxietyStress is everywhere in our lives and it can be found in two forms. Thelife of Afro-Americans is filled with both eustress and distress, entirely it is thehigh rate of distress due to socio-economic circumstances that are responsiblefor higher rates of depression and anxiety amongst them.Depression is an emotional state characterized by extreme sadness,gloomy ruminations, feelings of worthlessness, loss of hope, and oftenapprehension, while anxiety is a generalized feeling of fear and apprehension.The number of reported cases combining both depression and anxiety with Afro-Americans has dramatically increased since the civil rights movement, whenscientists began recording such causal relationships. In addition, statisticsshow that the rate of violence demonstrates a positive relationship of mentalhealth disorders within the black community. Studies by Bell, Dixie-Bell andThompson show that Afro-Americans have a 36% higher chance of developingdepression than do non-blacks (Bell, Dixie-Bell, & Thompson, p.53). It is feltthat a portion of these results can be attributed to the high incidence ofviolence and exposure within the black community.Economic DistressPoverty and unemployment are rampant in Afro-American communities in theUnited States. Approximately 65% of the black community in the U.S. live inpoverty or are unemployed (Bell et al., p.53). In comparison to other ethnicgroups, this is the highest rate with the exception of the Latino community at68.7%. The closest group above the blacks are the Chinese at 35%. Not only aremost blacks poor and unemployed but, the future does not look promising in termsof job opportunities for Afro-Americans. This rampant spread head of poverty withinthe black community causes great distress within the family unit.

Dissociative Identity Disorder :: essays research papers

My payoff of choice for this research paper is divisible Identity Disorder or DID. This appellation is rather naked as a jaybird therefore, most atomic number 18 much familiar with the deflects older, less technical name Multiple Personality Disorder or MPD. When first presented with the task of selecting a topic on which to condense this paper, I immediately dismissed Dissociative Identity Disorder (which for the sake of brevity will be referred to as DID for the remainder of this paper) as a feasible topic due to the sheer scope of the disorder. However after an exhaustive examination of other prospective topics, I found myself hold at my sea captain choice. There are several reasons why I chose DID. The foremost of which is the widespread fascination of this disorder by many different types of plenty most of whom other have no interest in psychology or its associated fields. One would be hard pressed to find someone who hasnt been captivated at one time or another by the extraordinary, all too well known symptoms of this disorder. This fascination dare I study allure to this disorder is exemplified by the myriad of motion pictures that have been produced based on cases, real or fictitious, of DID. Another reason for my choice is what I olfactory perception is the insufficiency of effectual treatments for DID. Despite what is known about this disorder, (which is relatively a lot) there are only two chief treatments for DID the first and most dominant is psychotherapy in addition known as talk therapy, the second is medication. The third and final reason for my choice is my own enchantment with DID. I must ask that ever since I read about Sue Tinker, a woman who was diagnosed with over 200 different personalities. In writing this paper I wish to discover to a greater extent about this disorder and perhaps be able to identify a few areas that I feel might require more research on the part of psychologists specializing in DID.What is Dissocia tive Identity Disorder? A proper explanation of DID necessitates a dissection of the name itself. Dissociation is a psychogenic process, which produces a lack of connection in a persons thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity.1 In other words, there is a disruption in the direction in which these commonly integrated functions communicate. Daydreaming, highway hypnosis, or getting lost in a book or movie are all examples of actually mild dissociation.Dissociative Identity Disorder essays research papers My topic of choice for this research paper is Dissociative Identity Disorder or DID. This appellation is rather new therefore, most are more familiar with the disorders older, less technical name Multiple Personality Disorder or MPD. When first presented with the task of selecting a topic on which to center this paper, I immediately dismissed Dissociative Identity Disorder (which for the sake of brevity will be referred to as DID for the remainder of this p aper) as a viable topic due to the sheer scope of the disorder. However after an exhaustive examination of other prospective topics, I found myself back at my original choice. There are several reasons why I chose DID. The foremost of which is the widespread fascination of this disorder by many different types of people most of whom otherwise have no interest in psychology or its associated fields. One would be hard pressed to find someone who hasnt been captivated at one time or another by the extraordinary, all too well known symptoms of this disorder. This fascination dare I say allure to this disorder is exemplified by the myriad of motion pictures that have been produced based on cases, real or fictitious, of DID. Another reason for my choice is what I feel is the insufficiency of effective treatments for DID. Despite what is known about this disorder, (which is relatively a lot) there are only two chief treatments for DID the first and most prevalent is psychotherapy also know n as talk therapy, the second is medication. The third and final reason for my choice is my own enchantment with DID. I must admit that ever since I read about Sue Tinker, a woman who was diagnosed with over 200 different personalities. In writing this paper I hope to discover more about this disorder and perhaps be able to identify a few areas that I feel might require more research on the part of psychologists specializing in DID.What is Dissociative Identity Disorder? A proper explanation of DID necessitates a dissection of the name itself. Dissociation is a mental process, which produces a lack of connection in a persons thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity.1 In other words, there is a disruption in the way in which these usually integrated functions communicate. Daydreaming, highway hypnosis, or getting lost in a book or movie are all examples of very mild dissociation.

Drama vs. History in Shakespeares Henry V Essay -- Henry IV Henry V E

Drama vs. History in Shakespeares Henry V It is not necessary to have authored 7 historical dramas, as Shakespeare had when he set to work on Henry V, to conclude that history is frequently not very dramatic. Chronicles of the past have the subjectivity and subtly of national anthems - they are about appropriating the truth, not approaching it. Noble causes and giant killing abound in these documents, often at the cost of fact and explanation. All this adds up to an account of the past in which the winners reign victorious before the battle even begins, while the losers natural iniquity contributes as untold to their defeat as enemy swords and soldiers. Readers in the present may wonder that their ancestors ever felt twinges of suspense as the events wore on, for according to historians, the outcome of these clashes was, as office Henry would say, as gross/ As black on white (2.2.104). It is as predictable, the Elizabethans might have said, as a bad play. And yet thither was suspense and anxiety in days gone by, as surely as political maneuvering in the present sows seeds of unrest. Shakespeare realized this and came to a startling finishing - there is a gap between the events of the past and historical narrative. The proclivities of the historian become the very shape of history, cramming the past with mighty deeds and epic heroes. except this shape is warped, fashioned, as it is, in the likeness of famous men and dubious motives. Historians see the past as a straight and singular line Shakespeare knew its fall could neither have been quite so direct nor quite so simple. Henry V is his attempt to reinsert the complexities of the past into the straightforward narrative of history, to ... ...0. Becker, George J. Shakespeares Histories. New York Frederick Ungar publication Co., 1977. Bloom, Harold. Introduction. mod Critical Interpretations William Shakespeares Henry V. Ed. Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1988. 1-4. Brennan, Anthony. Henry V. New York Twayne Publishers, 1992. Granville-Barker, Harley. From Henry V to Hamlet. Studies In Shakespeare. Ed. Alexander. London Oxford University Press, 1964. Rabkin, Norman. Either/Or Responding to Henry V. Modern Critical Interpretations William Shakespeares Henry V. Ed. Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1988. 35-59. Shakespeare, William. Henry V. Ed. A. R. Humphreys, New York Penguin Books, 1996. Shakespeare, William. The Complete Works of William Shakespeare. Ed. John Dover Wilson. London Cambridge University Press, 1985.

A Midsummers Nights Dream by William Shakespeare Essay -- Papers

A Midsummers Nights Dream by William Shakespe ar William Shakespeare wrote a midsummers night dream in 1595. He wrote this harlequinade to celebrate the marriage of a noble man. An important guest at the wedding was Elizabeth 1st. The play describes the adventures of two sets of lovers as they pass through the forest alfresco Athens, they are misused by immortals Oberon the fairy king and puck his messenger. To get revenge on his wife Titania, Oberon misuses Bottom a labourer. The love tangles are entirely resolved at the end of the play when love rules all in all end married and happy. Shakespeare wishes his audience to enjoy the falling in and out of love of the characters. His content is that true love never runs smoothly. The theme of love is involved with all of the characters from the quarrel of Oberon and Titania, to the play Pyramus and Thisbe performed by the labourers for the wedding celebrations of Theseus and Hippolyta. Oberon has power over all the elements. He can change weather and seasons. These are the forgeries of jealousy But with thy brawls thou hast disturbed our sport The seasons alter The spring, the summer, the childing autumn, angry winter, change This speech of titanias shows us that the seasons and all the growth of nature are changed because of their jealousy arguments and disagreements. This is because Oberon and Titania are king and queen of immortals and have control over them and all nature. Their argument causes evil to occur. posterior in the play when they are reconciled they bring blessing to the mortal world. He therefore decided to teach his wife a lesson when she refuses to... ...erons bed and come with we see how determined Oberon is to have the little Indian boy, his wife refuses. While angry with his wife Oberon feels sorry for Helena when he hears Demetrias treats her badly. How strange that Oberon intends to use the blush juice on his own wife to m isuse and embarrass her. The swing of the emotion is typical to mood swings through the play. It is Oberon that controls the lives of the other characters and brings changes of mood and atmosphere. It is he who moves he story to a happy end. When Titania agreed to give Oberon the little Indian boy he takes the juice of her eyes. The lovers muddles are sorted out and they are happy. This is a very different Oberon from which we see at the start of the play, he is a much better person. In the same way he acts interchangeable a spoilt child.

Frontier Expansion vs. the American Bison :: American America History

Frontier Expansion vs. the American BisonThe wilderness masters the colonist. It finds him a European in dress, industries, tools, modes of travel, and thought. It takes him from the railroad car and puts him in the birch canoe. It strips off the garments of purification and arrays him in the hunting shirt and the moccasin. It puts him in the log cabin.... Before long he has gone to planting Indian corn and plowing with a nipping stick.... In short, at the frontier the environment is at first too strong for the man. He must accept the conditions which it furnishes, or perish, and so . . . little by little he transforms the wilderness, but the outcome is not the old Europe.... The fact is, that here is a new product that is American....--Frederick Jackson Turner, 1893The great westward refinement of European American pioneers is one of the most celebrated periods in our countrys history. We idealize its ruggedness, its characters, and the many sure dichotomies of the frontier good versus evil, civilizations versus savagery, man versus the wilderness. The pioneers note out to create a new world, to push the boundaries of home, morality, and familiarity. In the process they irreversibly affected the established ecosystems and Native American dwellers. The challenges and harshness of the environment had their ingest effects upon the settlers, effects that have engrained themselves into our national consciousness. We celebrate rugged individualism while at the same time ignoring the price we pay for that stubbornness and enduringness of character. Westward expansion resulted in the extinction or endangerment of hundreds of native species of flora and fauna, altered consummate ecosystems, such as the Great Plains, and impacted aquifers and watersheds across the entire nation.One species famously affected by these pioneers and settlers was the American Bison, a relic of the last ice age. It is estimated that over 40 million of these great beasts roamed the Amer ican Plains in 1800. By 1883 the population was down to less than 6001. What happened? Why did those pioneers, so appreciative of the bounty that the new territory had given them, slaughter the bison throughout the 19th deoxycytidine monophosphate?They lived and moved as no other quadrupeds ever have, in great multitudes, like grand armies in review, covering scores of square miles at once. They were so numerous they frequently stopped boats in the rivers, threatened to overwhelm travelers on the plains, and in later years derailed locomotives and cars, until railway engineers learned by experience the erudition of stopping their trains whenever there were buffaloes crossing the track.

MacDonald’s Corporation Essay

McDonalds Corporation is an American based worlds leading comp any in the extravagant food industry. Headquartered in the United States, the company began in 1940 as a barbecue restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice. McDonald in 1948 they reorganized their agate line as a hamburger stand victimization overlapion line principles. Ray Kroc joined the company in 1955 as a franchise. A McDonalds restaurant is operated by either a franchisee, an affiliate or the mint itself. McDonalds Corporation r as yetues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as hygienic as sales in company-operated restaurants. In 2012, McDonalds Corporation had annual revenues of $27.5 billion, and profits of $5.5 billion. ProductsMacdonalds primarily sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken burgers, French fries, break stiff items, squeezable drinks, milkshakes and deserts including ice-creams. Currently restaurant in fitition expanded its menu to include salads, fish, wraps, s moothies and fruits in order to deepen the taste of the consumers. Company also serve dope up in the Asian countries. The menu of the company differs according to the serving countries equal prawn burger in Singapore. In Germany and western European countries MacDonalds serve beer also. operational countriesMacdonalds slew is one of the hugest betting food selling company. It take a crap 31,800 flagship restaurants serving nearly 68 one thousand thousand slew in each mean solar day among the 119 countries world gigantic. Mainly, company operated by franchisee, an affiliate or the corporation itself. Basically company is operated largely in America, Canada and European countries like U.K., CompetitorsThere argon many unshakable food restaurant running currently in the market. However, Macdonalds is one of the largest company operating internationally. Though, MacDonalds itself is a dent only if also it constitute al most(prenominal) of the competitors in the market. Th ere atomic number 18 many small dissolute food restaurant like as chicken and chips shops which serve the most of the items served by MacDonalds in context to U.K. Besides these small fast food operating restaurant or so offormer(a) big company atomic number 18 also running internationally. Such as Burger magnate, KFC fast food, Sam, Sub path, etc. all told of these ar the briny competitors of the MacDonalds.PESTLE ANALYSIS.POLITICAL FACTORThe international operations of McDonalds ar passing influenced by the individual ex press out policies enforced by each government. (2001) For instance, on that point are certain groups in Europe and the United States that clamour for state actions pertaining to the health implications of eating fast food. (2005) they perk up indicated that harmful elements like cholesterol and adverse effects like fleshiness are attributable to consuming fast food outputs.On the other hand, the company is controlled by the individual policies a nd regulations of operations. Specific markets way on different areas of uphold such as that of health, rangeer protection, and environment. in all these elements are seen in the government control of the licensing of the restaurants in the respective states. For instance, there is an impending legal dispute in the McDonalds franchise in India where certain infringement of rights and violation of religious laws pertaining to the contents of the food. The existence of meat in their menus in India is apparently crime to the Hindu religion in the said market. In terms of the Asian countries there are many people who do non consume beef burger and it hurts their religion as well. This kind of act arise the dispute and violence and it affects the calling of the company. Like also in Middle East countries, they have their political law that meat provided in the country should be Halal. The company should focus on the religion, ethnic and the political status of the operating coun tries for the sustainable care. There are also other studies that points to the infringement of McDonalds Stores with course credit to the existing employment laws in the target market. Like any business venture, these McDonalds stores have to contend with the issues of employment procedures as well as their appraise obligations so as to succeed in the foreign market. Political system1. Liberal democracy (less than half 191 UN members)A liberal democracy is a pee of representative democracy in which elected representatives who hold power are limited by a constitution that emphasizes protecting individual liberties, equality and the rights of minority groups. Among the many liberties that might be protected are freedom of speech and assembly, freedom of religion, the right to private property and privacy as well as equality before the law and receivable process under the rule of law. Such constitutional rights, also called liberal rights, are guaranteed through various controll ed institutions and statutory laws. Additionally, the constitutions of most contemporary liberal democracies prohibits majorities, which is rule by the leave of majority, when it harms those in the minority.2. Authoritarian or absolutist (Burma, Saudi Arabia)A political theory safe property that all power should be vested in one ruler or other authority. b. A form of government in which all power is vested in a single ruler or other authority. 2. An absolute doctrine, principle, or standard.3. communist (china, Cuba, North Korea)Communist reg the term Communist state is generally employ to a state with a re state- verifyedan form of government characterized by single-party or dominant-party rule by a Communist party which sets as its supreme aim the construction of communism. Technically, communist state is a contradiction in termini as a communist society is in principle stateless therefrom such states do non refer to themselves with this term, but rather as friendlyist sta tes or workers states. It should therefore be understood that Communist, in this sense, refers to the Communist geological formation governing the state rather than the state structure itself (imes)4. Theocratic (Iran, Vatican)Theocracy is a society governed by priests, or one whose government is heavily influenced by religious leaders. Originally, theocracy meant a system where divine law was the basis of all humanly enacted law, and in which religious and political hierarchies were merged. Today, the termtheocracy is applied to refer to the control of religion over state. Technological FactorMcDonalds cave ins a demand for their own products. The Companys tell apart tool for marketing is by instrument of television advertisements. There are similarly some claims that McDonalds are inclined to interest the younger populations much. The existence of play spots as well as toys in meals offered by the company shows this actuality. Other demonstration of such a marketing strateg y is apparent in the commercials of they handling. They employ animated depictions of their characters like Grimace and Ham burglar. Other publicise operations employ touristed celebrities to promote their products. Company also have its marketing strategy like as Facebook, Google Ads, etc. The like has become endorsers for McDonalds worldwide loving it campaign. Moreover, the operations of McDonalds have significantly been infused with rising technology. Elements like the inventory system and the counsel of the honor chain of the company allows for aristocratical payments for their suppliers and other vendors which the individual stores in respective markets deal with.The integration of technology in the operations of McDonalds tend to add value to their products. Basically, this is manifested in the improvements on its value chain. The improvement of the inventory system as well as its return chain allows the company to operate in an international context. According to (co mputing.co.uk) MacDonalds are inventing the new ideas of technology. The company is also introducing wireless networking, PlayStation 2 video games consoles, internet terminals, flat screen televisions and music videos into its revamped stores. They are also providing free WiFi in the context to U.K. market. According to (marketingmagazine Jan 2011) MacDonalds have started using contactless card payment inspection and repair in U.K. This run friends in faster service for the consumer and saves the quantify period. Macdonalds also have invented their new machinery equipment for the infract service. They use new process for oil refining and latest machines which help in less pollution. They also use their cooked oil as bio diesel for their own delivery trucks.SOCIO- CULTURAL FACTORArticles on the international strategies of McDonalds reckon to function onseveral fields to guarantee lucrative returns for the organisation. To illustrate, the organisation improves on establishing a positive mind-set from their core consumers. McDonalds indulge a particular variety of consumers with definite types of personalities. It has also been noted that the company have given the markets such as the United Kingdom, an option with regards to their dining needs. (2005) pointed out that McDonalds has launched a sensibly valued set of food that tenders a reliable level of quality for the respective market where it operates. Additionally, those who are aged just to a lower place the bracket of thirty-five are said to be the most frequent consumers of McDonalds franchises. As socio cultural includes the attitudes of people, religion, their culture, taste, family, etc all this factor whitethorn affects the MacDonalds company. As matter of fact, MacDonalds opened in India have to be concern in selling the meat products like beef, mutton, and pork. The religion where these products are as offensive testament not be consumed.Another example is selling meat products in Muslim ba sed countries also. All the meat products should be Halal otherwise the consumer will not use the products. Other meat is pork which is not allowed to sell in the countries of Middle East like U.A.E, Dubai, Qatar etc. MacDonalds should focus on the culture of the operating countries. The culture and tradition of the country also encounter on MacDonalds. Many people have tradition of not using the market cooked foods or they dont have culture of eating outside, this also whitethorn affect the business of the company. Education and awareness is another factor. batch may have the bad image of the food they consume if the quality of the food is not well. As a result they spread the negativity which may arise the fall in the sell. Another is age groups of people. So, company should emphasis on the socio-cultural aspect of the operating countries in order to provide the best service and obtain well business. Currently in UK MacDonalds faced social paradox. As from report from BBC, it was found about the sexual poem in the nestling Meal which was complained by the parents of the country and later the company apologised.LEGAL FACTORIn the external environment legal factor also have its impact in the different organisation and companies. In context to the fast food companies it arises the different problems. The legal issues regarding the quality offoods, employees, environment and many more are some of them. There was a current roar against the fast food industry. It has forced McDonalds to apply more close examination on their corporate social responsibility. As a whole it has addressed to requirement of the company to generate its corporate study to more positive and the more socially responsible company. The reputation of McDonalds is obviously a huge question. Noticed on companys web site, seems, that they have got steps to take in hand the key social condemnation that they abused them in the last decades. The company gave to their clients the corresponding data in which they need the relation of food essence of their products. This is to attend to the arguments of obesity charged against the products of the company. In the same way consumers have provided freedom in a choice, whether they want to buy the meal.It is connected with socio-cultural market signs which they influence. For example, operations in predominantly Muslim countries demand, that their meat corresponded to Halal requirements of the law. In the same regard, those that operate in countries in the European Union should correspond to the existing laws forbidding usage of genetically modified meat products in their meal. Other legal concepts as tax obligations, employment standards, and requirements to a degree of quality are only a some of important elements on which the company should consider. Otherwise, smooth operations should be difficult to reach. Some issues may be company sells fatty foods it may be mixed bagd in the operating countries. Other, MacDonalds op ens 24 hour in some places which also may be changed by the law and gets touched.PORTERS FIVE FORCES1. The nemesis of entry of new competitor McDonalds, has make an entry barriers that others competitor cannot enter the fast food industry easily because, McDonalds have good product and services that guest has learned to expect from fast food industry. As we can see, people more choose McDonalds compare to others fast food like KFC, Burger King or A&W because MacDonalds has cheaper value a lots of menu that suitable with Malaysian taste and good service like MC Delivery compare to others fast food restaurant. The greatest strength was creating an image in the minds of the people and introducing them to the fast food culture. Delivery speed, customer care and cleanliness are the core strengths onwhich these stores expanded. They created a corporate symbol and their advertisement campaigns were elevatedly favored in establishing the brand image and logo in the minds of the millio ns. Two chief(prenominal) competitors generally identified with McDonald are the Burger King and the KFC. McDonald marketing strategy is concerned with the internal resources. A large nub of product differentiation exists in the industry. The McDonald brand ranks as 8th in Business Weeks Scoreboard over orbiculate brands. Furthermore the brands KFC and Pizza Hut are also represented (with place nr. 61 and 63 on the scoreboard). This signifies a large consumer preference to the global brands, and would create somewhat of a barrier for new entrants.2. The bargaining power of supplierDifferent suppliers have different bargain powers in the fast food industry. There is the soft drink industry where mayor supplier brand names supplies products and brand value to the fast food industry. Then there is the large amount of smaller suppliers that delivers other products to the fast food industry. For example, Coca Cola and Pepsi. The market for soft drinks is predominate by a few companie s. Mainly Coca Cola and Pepsi. These soft drinks suppliers are the only ones who have the capacity to match the needs of the global fast food chains. The domination of a few suppliers in an industry with more customers sets a exalted bargaining power for the suppliers. The fast food industry is provoke in having the soft drink producers being a part of their own branding. The Pepsi and Coca Cola brand have a global brand be of respectively 23 and 1. With the smaller fast food places the soft drink suppliers are holding all the bargaining power, since the individual fast food companies does not form a significant part of the supplier clientele, and their business could be partially strung-out of the suppliers willingness to provide necessary equipment for the company.3. The bargaining power of customers (buyers)Since the industry is fill up with many different kinds of fast foods and many different suppliers of fast food, hence the buyer are in a situation where many supplier s are pass products that have a certain similarity. Since the global fast food chains have been trying to match each others successful products and product packages, then the buyers can actually buysimilar products from multiple suppliers, and that is a situation the empowers the buyer.Furthermore, if the fast food industry does not match the demands of the buyers and the general consumer trends, then the buyers can choose not to buy their product and persuade others to do the same. A good example of this is the movie Super Size Me in America. It is a movie showing an ordinary consumer trying living of McDonalds fast food, and the purpose of the movie was to see what the traditionalistic fast food from MC Donald could do to your health if you were to eat their products for any meal. This movie shows what the buyers possible reactions could be if not satisfied or not being pleased. The reactions from the whole market were a large change in consumer preferences and brand preferen ces.4. The threat of substitute products or servicesThe generic products of fast food are mainly considered as convenience. Convenience and accessibility are the main drivers for choosing fast food. However, this is backed up by focus on value. Since the market as a whole consists of many differentiated fast food companies, then the customers are used to having the option of choosing the best value products. The value of the substitute products in general matches the fast food products and the consumer preferences of the consumers. The substitute product offers both cheap value meals and quality products for both ends of the quality scale that the fast food industry median(prenominal)ly targets. Furthermore, it offers healthy alternatives to match the consumer needs and wishes. The differences in the midst of McDonald and their others competitive are services of delivery that is Mc Delivery that give a good service, faster and make customer easy to buy from any kind of set of m enu at McDonalds.5. The rivalry among existing firms in the industryMcDonald however is far larger than most in the industry with 31,000 outlets compared to its hot hamburger competitor Burger King, with 11,500 (Reuters, 2008). KFC (owned by 2nd largest competitor Yum Brands (Yahoo7finance, 2008), Burger King and countless others sell similar product to McDonald. McDonald traditional competitors include many of the other fast food outlets across the country has been shown that the presence of a Burger King, for example, will increase the likelihood that McDonald willopen nearby. Thus, it can be seen that the threat of competition from traditional rivals is intense and should never be over looked. In general, McDonald and its main competitors (Burger King Corporation, Wendys International, Inc., Hardees, and Jack in the Box) are active in making invigorated moves to improve their market standing and business performance by introducing their product innovation and launching many ou tlets franchise. A good example of this would be the expense competition between multiple fast food chains value meals. Price dumping is normally a good way to attract new customers, or stealing customers from competing companies, and since it have been a growing consumer trend to go after these value meals, then it is a product category that have been capable from most of the global fast food companies.The high level of competition forces the individual competitors to copy of each others are products and ideas quickly since the competitors are always keeping an eye out for new ideas for themselves, and so far there have been no way of protecting a burger or sandwich recipe. In Malaysia, any Chinese New Year, there will be a prosperity burger. Thereby they have found a way to differentiate, which gives them a bit more space to move in, and thereby a little less fierce competition. The main competition goes through the branding. In addition, the competition to create the stronges t brand is fierce. Firstly, normal advertising through TV, posters radio-commercials are regular. However, the biggest brands like McDonalds and Burger King have been branding their own brand through piggy backing on other brands power. ecologic Factors affecting International BusinessEnvironment or ecologic factor is one of the aspect of external environment. Ecological factor is any factor, biotic (living) or abiotic (non-living) that influences living organism. All the environmental factor brings marked distributional, structural and functional changes in the living creatures which directly affects the business internationally. International business is highly influenced by the different ecological factors. Manufacturing industries, different organisations, food selling companies, etc faced the several problem through many environmental factors. For the sustainable growth and ontogeny of any business all the aspectshould be well matched. In absence or excess of any factor, whic h is necessary in the business may arise the depletion in the business. As a matter of fact, ecological factor should be considered vitally for the growth of international business. Below we will discuss some of the ecological factor that affects the business.1. Climate, prevail and clime changeAny business can only be success in the favourable temper and weather of the place. Climate and weather is very important in order to have a growth of business. It affects the business in the unfavourable conditions. Especially climate, weather and climate change affect the industries such as tourism, farming, insurance etc. The adverse effect of climate change causes many problem in the industries. However, businesses that are dependent on long-term investment are likely to have larger impacts, because the consequences of climate change increase over time. So the industries of construction, real estate, transport and groundwork are likely to be the most effected by climate change impact s. As for the example, tourism vault of heaven will be directly affected by the climate change and the weather condition of the place. People couldnt broad to their destination referable to the inconvenience.Climate change may occur high temperature, low temperature, high peltingfall etc. in the improper time period which result problem for the tourist. Currently, in USA there was a high s instanterfall in the history which is due to the climate change. As a result the industries and companies are not able to run their business accordingly. Climate change will affect almost all forms of infrastructure electricity, gas, and water in the utilities as well as transport access and telecommunications. This in turn will affect people.2. instinctive calamitiesNatural calamities or disasters are another factor of ecology which affect dynamically on the business. These disaster came unknowingly and create the adverse effect not only on the business but also affect people. Natural disaster affect all small and large types of business. Natural disaster includes flood, landslides, earthquake, outlet, tsunami, storm, hurricane, and others. If one of these occurs than it brings the wide problem in allcompanies and industries. Additionally, natural disasters have larger repercussions for small businesses because they often operate from a single location. As small businesses also gets the majority of their business from customers in the surrounding area, any of these disaster may bring the adverse effect. As for example last course of instruction storm in New York causes several problems. Business are closed for many days due to unviability of electricity, water, telecommunication, transportation etc. Due to this factor business cannot take off and there was a huge loss in all area of businesses. Another example is flood in Pakistan, Tsunami in Philippines, volcano in Indonesia, earthquake in japan etc. As of the report Japan nearly need a year to recreate it business i n all of the sector. Not only the host countries businesses get affected but also they affects worldwide. There will be shortage of supply and recession may arise.3. Pollution and eat upsAnother ecological factor affecting the business internationally is pollution. It is one of the most important factor which is to be consider in the change in businesses. Mainly there are air, water, noise and land pollution. All of these four pollution creates the adverse effect in current business sector worldwide. All type of businesses are influenced from pollution. Manufacturing industries are highly affected through this factor. Due to high pollution businesses cannot produce high number of product due to which it generate loss in the industries. Chemical industries are main source of water pollution, they are advised to deactivate their chemical substances and proper managements for their waste and build crack up place to dispose it. Due to which companies need to spend big amount of money for the waste management. In china government encourage to use the public transport instead of private due to extreme air pollution. This directly affects the motor industries sector as their sales get decrease.According to the report from BBC, due to the extreme air pollution in Hong Kong it is very difficult for the people. Tourism industries is influenced as people cannot see the proper scenery due to the air pollution. As from report air quality in Hong Kong is three times worse than London and New York. Wastes management also affect the business sector. Proper waste management gives the healthy environment. Mainly food factories and restaurants are affected due to wastepollution.4. Global warming and depletion of resourcesGlobal warming is the average increase in the temperature of the earth in air level and oceans. Industries including agriculture, tourism, health, real state etc. are main sector of business which are affected. Due to the pollution and global warming the depl etion of Ozone layers is highly occurring as a result the UV rays of sun will directly fall in the earth step up and increases its temperature. This affects the wildlife, agriculture and others sector dynamically. The business in this sector gets affected and it creates the vital problem. Another is depletion of natural resources. Raw materials are one of the important ingredients to run any type of business. All the manufacturing industries required raw material to run their business. Due to the global warming and improper use of resources it difficult for the companies to find raw materials which may result closedown of the businesses. Scarcity of raw materials typically slow down the long term strategies and responses by the business, thereby missing on opportunities to make early moves and position themselves competitively.Ecological Factor affecting MacDonaldsMacDonalds corporation is one of the largest fast food selling company globally. It have its companies in more than 11 9 countries serving 68 millions of people each day. McDonalds is growing day by day by increasing the number of restaurant. The main source of ingredient and furtherance is nature. McDonalds has a Rain Forest Policy, which declares its commitment to beef purchasing practices that do not get to tropical de-forestation. Everyday McDonalds using a huge amount of napkins, carryout bag, tray lines, clamshells. Oil and water is other major ingredient using in MacDonalds. Environment is the most important in context to the business of MacDonalds. As most of the ingredients came from the environment and they need depend on it. However, due to different ecological factors there is im equilibrium in the ecosystem and environments gets affected. As a result various impacts affects the business of MacDonalds. Some of the ecological factors which affects MacDonalds corporation are discussed below 1. Global Warming and climate/weather changeThe process of changing the temperature of the earth s urface gradually and occurring the unfavourable climate is known to be global warming. In a common way, having the imbalance climate and weather in earth surface which is not acceptable for the living creatures indicates as global warming. MacDonalds is the fast food selling company which is highly affected due to the impact of climate change and global warming. Most of the materials used by the company are fully available from nature. First of all let we discuss the resources used by the MacDonalds to run its business. They use different animals such as beef, chicken, pork, etc. Vegetables and salad are also most important for their productions. Organic coffee beans which comes from tropical rain forest is another raw materials which are used. Other several resources are used to run the business. Climate change and global warming creates impact in the whole environment not only in the numbers of product.MacDonalds use the coffee beans from African tropical forest, due to the climat e change their will not be the favourable environment to produce the organic coffee, as a result company need to use for cost to recreate its business. On the other hand, customers may not be fully satisfied because of non-organic and in concern to the health. Also tropical deforestation is becoming one of the vital problem which generates the low production of resources. This result the fall in the business. Different animals are used in the burger of MacDonalds, due to global warming the UV rays of the sun are reflect back into the earth and its temperature rises gradually which makes difficult for the creature to survive. Global warming brings the occasional weather conditions. This will bring the bad impact in the business like MacDonalds.As of the current example, heavy snowfall in New York City which is due to the global warming. Many places were affected due to that unpredictable snowfall. As a result all the companies including MacDonald were also closed for several days. O verall, global warming and climate change is one of the hot topic of concern in current situation. Food sectors and many more are adversely affected through unpredictable change in the environment. All the business sectors are fully responsible to do a research and generate awareness in controlling the environment.2. Natural Disaster, pollution and resources depletion.Natural disasters are those calamities which have not any time period to happen. They happens automatically and unknowingly. It includes flood, landslides, earthquake, volcano, etc. Food selling companies like MacDonalds are directly affected due to this type of disasters. Normally, people are affected in the places of occurrence. So, the business of that places influenced badly. In terms of MacDonalds in U.K, beef are provided from Scotland. If disaster like landslides or earthquake happens than there will be difficulties in the transportation facilities. Other like communication, electricity, water facilities, etc ar e also affected. Due to which there will not be supply of goods. As a result it slow down the business of MacDonalds and customer are will not be satisfied. As for the example, tsunami in Japan, torrent in Pakistan, storm in USA, etc directly affects the business.Due to this factor MacDonalds are closed for long period of time. Pollution is also one of the ecological factor which created disturbances in the business of food selling companies. As MacDonalds corporation use most of the natural resources for it food production, pollution mainly affects the environment. denigrating gases are released by the different manufacturing industries which creates air pollution. Due to this pollution there is more probability of acid rain which dynamically affects the living creatures and plants. MacDonalds use coffee bean seeds from tropical rain forest, but due to acid rain it will generate several problems and will not be more organic. Different kinds of diseases will emerge in the animals like beef, chicken and pork. As MacDonalds is popular for Hamburger, the diseases like swine flu will directly affect in the pork, another bird flu in chicken and others. Government may apply the new rules regarding water, noise and land pollution which may also affects the initiative of new branches worldwide. Depletion of natural resource is another major factor.Deforestation, water resource depletion, wildlife degradation are some of them. All this will adversely affect the ecosystem which creates scarceness of resources. MacDonalds may face the scarcity of the raw materials required for its production due to deforestation in the tropical forest. Due to lack of water resources it generate the negativity in the productions of drinks and other products. Hence, natural disaster, pollution and resources depletion affect the business of MacDonalds in a major way. MacDonalds need to focus on these factors to create its businesssuccessfully in worldwide. Preservation and long term usa ge of production should be in action. Long term strategies and external sources should be implemented in order to get the sustainable business and growth of the company.MacDonalds responding to the ecological factors.a) Other areas of improvement include coffee beans and milk. McDonalds now only uses those beans certied by the rainforest Alliance and uses organic milk for milkshakes and hot beverages. It has Rainforest policy where it is completely against tropical deforestation supporting the balance in eco-system. b) Recycling and reusing of the products (to decrease the pollution) c) Separate agriculture and farming facilities to produce for its own use. (eg, beef, pork, chicken, vegetables) d) Use of vacuum urinating facilities(preserve water resources) e) Using paper bags instead of plastic, easy to disposef) Use its grease oil for its own delivery trucksg) it have its separate waste management site which helps to make community clean h) McDonalds worked with Conservation Inter national to develop an environmental scorecard. It drives greater awareness of resource use (energy, water, air emissions and waste) with the ultimate goal of reducing our environmental impacts i) To provide customer with both good food and good value, MacDonald consider priorities for food safety, quality and costas well as sustainabilitywhen making sourcing decisions. Their vision for a sustainable supply chain links responsibility for ethical, environmental and economic outcomes. j) McDonalds has developed a next generation low oil volume (LOV) frier that uses about 40% less readying oil and 4% less energy maintaining the SAME Great taste. Hence these are available in restaurants somewhat the world.As a result of this, environmental action plans have been developed to address these issues. For example, McDonalds has a policy of sourcing its food as close to denture as possible, with approximately 70 percent of the companys food coming from the UK and Ireland k) In a rst for t he quick-service restaurant industry, McDonalds opened the worlds rst hydrourocarbon (HFC)-free restaurant in 2003 in Denmark. The result is that the restaurant does not use Freon in itsrefrigerants, thereby helping cut down on harmful climate changing emissions. As further proof of its commitment, McDonalds efforts at efficient packaging and recycling have been recognized by the Environmental Protection force (EPA). Also, the Campus Ofce Building received the LEED-EB Platinum award in2009, in recognition for its green initiatives.Future developments workMacDonalds can use the electrical oestrus instead of gas to save the resources Also can use the latest machinery equipment which produce less emission of harmful gases Using less fridge and deep freezer which emits harmful gas such CFC. Use new technology to open the new restaurant which have less effect on environment featuring the Rainforest Alliance CertifiedMacDonalds celebrate their work with the Rainforest Alliance and want to inform customers that they should feel good about purchasing their espresso beverages that are brewed with snow% Espresso from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms. Environment awareness campaignIntellectual propertiesPatentsPatents protect what makes things work like what makes a wheel turn or the chemical formula of your favourite fizzy drink CopyrightCopyright is an automatic right which applies when the work is fixed, that is written or recorded in some way Trade markTrademarks are signs (like words and logos) that distinguish goods and services in the marketplace DesignDesigns protect the appearance of a product/logo, from the shape of an plane to a fashion item Types of Market1. Monopoly2. Oligopoly3. MonopolisticMonopolistic competition is a market structure where many companies sell similar products, but are not identical. Firms in this market structure are a monopolist for their brand. There is freedom of entry and exist into the industry as there are no barriers such a s strategic raw material, very highstart up cost and lack of information. Mc Donalds maintains its competitive reward with Big Mac as its biggest attraction and backbone of the corporation.(ukessay)So how McDonald has managed to compete with other monopolies? McDonalds have their own profitable specialty coffee in the form of McCafes, a concept taken from Starbucks. Recently, McDonalds has remodelled the creation of some of their restaurants, replacing their fiberglass tables and industrial steel chairs with wooden tables, comfortable faux slash chairs, and have painted their interiors of muted colours of orange, yellow, and green. McDonalds not only have borrowed Starbucks concept of coffee, but have also begun borrowing the same design and feel. McDonalds has gone under this remodelling with their restaurants to bring down other top competitors such as Burger King and Wendys since they are not as successful and cannot afford such upgrades to their own restaurants.Non-price comp etition is a way of how firms attract consumers with factors other than price, such as style, service, or location. So how McDonald has used non-price competition to convince customers to come to them instead of other burger places. Macdonalds has not only been trying to beat other top competitors in the burger industry. It has also been competing with restaurants that are not even fast food chains. One of the examples of non fast food chains that McDonalds has been trying to draw customers out-of-door from is Panera Bread. McDonalds has also been trying to bring customers away from Chipotle, a Mexican chain that was originally owned by McDonalds until October 2006. McDonalds has also competed with Starbucks Coffee with the selling of their McCafes.4. Perfect competitionGlobalisation, its indicator and main driver.Hetal (1999) defines globalisation as, the widening, deepening and speeding up of all worldwide interconnectedness in all aspects of contemporary social life, from the c ultural to the criminal, financial to the spiritual. It helps in interest increased international tradea company operating in more than one countrygreater dependence on the global parsimoniousnessfreer movement of capital, goods, and servicesRecognition of companies such as McDonalds and Starbucks in less economically developed countries.INDICATORS OF GLOBALISATION1. International trade2. Financial flows3. MigrationDRIVERS OF GLOBALISATION1. frugal ( benefits of economies of scale, cheap labour) 2. Technology (communication and transportation)3. Political/regulatoryBARRIERS TO GLOBAISATION1. Government regulation( tarrifs and subsidies, border and immigration control, public procurement, control on capital flows) 2. Cultural and geographic distance (taste, culture, language, religion, corruption, work culture)DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES1. Population2. Ethnicity3. ReligionCSR and MacDonaldsCorporate Social Responsibility is a management concept whereby companies integrate social and envi ronmental concerns in their business operations and interactions with their stakeholders. CSR is generally understood as being the way through which a company achieves a balance of economic, environmental and social imperatives (Triple-Bottom-Line- Approach), enchantment at the same time addressing the expectations of shareholders and stakeholders. Key CSR issues environmental management, eco-efficiency, responsible sourcing, stakeholder engagement, labour standards and working conditions, employee and community relations, social equity, gender balance,human rights, good governance, and anti-corruption measures.Being a responsible corporate citizen, McDonalds firmly believes in giving back to the communities it operates in. they love to provide support and encouragement to the people who need it the most. All our restaurants contribute to their local anesthetic community and every year we help set up and support numerous educational, sporting and charity programs designed to help a wide range of people. McDonalds has a proactive approach to charities and sponsorships. We believe these help inspire and support the people of Pakistan, especially the underprivileged ones, to live a better life. We are dedicated to delivering great experiences through our ongoing community support programs. Some of the program done by MacDonalds1. In Pakistan, litter guard set up in the neighbour to pick up litter and aware the people, cleaning campaigns, walk for cruelty of killing animals, support woman, support the thalassaemia society in Pakistan. 2. In UK, clean the surrounding near the restaurant, fix litter patrol, keep Britain clean campaign, feeding program in London Olympics, charities and support to the different clubs, support education sectors. 3. raise various community based programs such as sponsoring education for the poor people in India and Asian countries. 4. Support in sports and encourage children to physically fit. MacDonalds use low energy LED light bulb s, energy saving equipment and waterless urinals, and recycle used cooking oil into biodiesel to fuel more than half of our delivery trucks. They also recycle the cardboard boxes used in more than 89% of our restaurants, and more than 85% of our packaging is made from renewable resources. They are the Community Partner Community Partner of the four nations Football Associations.This means it work with local football clubs, schools, youth teams and junior leagues around the UK. MacDonalds programme gives people the chance to volunteer and qualify as a football coach so they can give free, high-quality teach to young people across the country. They also organise daily litter patrols and work with environmental charities Keep Britain Tidy , Keep Wales Tidy , Keep Scotland charming and Tidy Northern Ireland. Most of our charity work is focused on supporting Ronald McDonald House Charities, an independent charity which McDonalds has supported for over 20 years. Ronald McDonald House C harities provides a home away from home for families with children undergoingtreatment in hospital. The Charity relies on voluntary donations, and you can find collection boxes in every single one of our restaurants. MacDonalds also invest over 360 million a year in the UK agricultural industry. The majority of our ingredients come from Britain and Ireland, with more than 17,500 British and Irish farmers providing us with ingredients such as beef, Freedom Food pork, free-range eggs, organic milk and potatoes. E BusinessMcDonalds is one of the most recognisable brands in the world, yet also has to battle a fair amount of negative publicity The McDonalds UK page has more than 30m fans, and its local market pages have all attracted several hundred thousand likes. Data collected by net profit Access Households and Individuals, 2013In 2013, 36 million adults (73%) in Great Britain accessed the Internet every day, 20 million more than in 2006, when directly comparable records began. Acc ess to the Internet using a mobile phone more than manifold between 2010 and 2013, from 24% to 53%. In 2013, 72% of all adults bought goods or services online, up from 53% in 2008. In Great Britain, 21 million households (83%) had Internet access in 2013. Broadband Internet connections using fibre optic or cable were used by 42% of households, up from 30% in 2012.Globalisation strategy of McDonaldMcDonalds has developed their unique globalisation strategy. McDonald include their fore main characters to make perfect business strategy. Are shown as below 1 specify globally but act locally2 Pricing3 Advertising strategies4 Social responsibility1. Think Globally but Act LocallyThe main aim of the McDonalds Corporation is to focus locally with the global strategy. It always performs and supply all the operation, systems as per the requirement of the local factors. It always try to be fit in local traditions, cultures, society and political. McDonalds Corporation alwayskeep special fac tors in mind while making their business strategy. It always performs as per the requirements of the different markets. Macdonald expenses lots of resources to develop and create its products as pre the local demands and traditions. However, once McDonalds corporation failed to do this, while establishment in Germany and Netherlands, consumers did not accept their local menu in the year 1970 because they wanted American food rather than their local menu.After this experience company realised that every restaurants local menu should incorporate some local tests as well but at a minimal level.At the time of establishing in India, McDonald has considered that Hindu community does not eat beef as per their Hindu belief. Therefore, they specially introduced new vegetarian serial publication of the product in their menu. Also taking Muslim community in focus that Muslims did nit consume poke. Therefore, they only sell chicken and lamb. It had done separate conceptualization for Vegetaria n and non-vegetarian.2. PricingThe other most important feature is their price differentiates than their competitor. This pricing strategy of McDonalds corporation is very reliable and unique. While fixing the price McDonalds takes some factors in consideration like local life style, income of the family, location etc. The time of fixing price for the products, they also focus on the primary target group of the company, lower and power level. McDonalds enters in most of metropolitan city of the country in which it enters.Sometime during period of lean time company offers discounted price to boost their sell in short McDonalds corporation believes that to stay longer life in the market we should have unique pricing policy.3. Advertising/Promotional strategiesAdvertising is the other platform to the company by the help of which company introduce their product, boost to the customers etc. every organization have their unique and own promotional strategies. Here McDonalds arranges their promotional strategy as a part of advertisement. The worldwide promotional activities of the McDonalds corporation is organised by DDB Needhamand Leo Burnettas well their local collaborates in different countries. It sometimes organised by the local advertising company also. Other than advertisement, McDonalds corporation uses more promotional tools to promote their product. Company offers their product at law price it gives toys tothe children etc. most successful promotional strategies became very popular now days .McDonalds has for decades maintained an extensive advertising campaign.In addition to the usual media (television, radio, and newspaper), the company makes significant use of billboards and signage, sponsors sporting events ranging from Little confederation to the Olympic Games and makes coolers of The Orange with their logo available for local events of all kinds. Nonetheless, television has always played a central role in the companys advertising strategy. In Januar y and February 2008 there was an offer of buy one get one free by McDonalds UK particular for the Big Mac. Company introduced press coupons and those coupons can be exchanged at the McDonalds restaurant to get benefit of the product. To date, McDonalds has used 23 different slogans in United States advertising as well as a few other slogans for select countries and regions. At times, it has run into trouble with its campaigns

America Revolution

The link amidst the French and Indian war and the American Revolution might reckon unexpected, but the French and Indian War paved the way for the American Revolution. The influence of the French and Indian Wars on the American Revolution is even enceinteer due to the success of the British in the colonial wars between commodious Britain and France. The French and Indian War is the name used for the colonial wars that took place between Great Britain and France from 1754 until 1763 everywhere the control of the territory in North America.The French and Indian War began on the basis of the rivalry between France and England which eventu attendant began over the territories of the New World. The territory of North America was soon divided between British North America and the French North America, distribution of power that caught in the middle the Native Americans (Bell, 2003). The French and Indian War ended with the win of Great Britain, which by that time had already establis hed itself as the worlds majusculeest empire, fact confirmed by the 1763 Treaty of Paris (Bell, 2003).However, the victory of Britain meant that its colonial empire increased and along with it the deficit of Great Britain. This deficit was passed on to the colonists in North America and later became the one of the reasons that led to the American Revolution. The influence of the French and Indian War on the American Revolution is pronounced especially due to the victory of the British which were faced with several problems that were among the reasons for the outbreak of the American Revolution.The American Revolution refers to the moment when the Thirteen Colonies that later became the United States gained freedom from Great Britain. Although the fighting started twelve years after the end of the French and Indian War, the period that followed the Seven Years War represented the preparation for the American Revolution and the beginning for the revolutionary era (American Revoluti on). After the end of the French and Indian War American Colonies were faced with only one ruler, Great Britain, and gained an central ally for their revolutionary movement, France.France played a key role in aiding the new nation with money and munitions, organizing a coalition against Great Britain, and sending an troops and a fleet that played a decisive role at Yorktown (American Revolution). If it wasnt for the French and Indian War and if Great Britain wouldnt eat won over France, perhaps the American Revolution wouldnt have occurred or it would have had a hard chance gaining any powerful ally in a battle against two colonial empires.While France became an ally in the American Revolution, Great Britain ended the French and Indian War with a great deficit, a deficit that it asked to be covered from the American colonies as a price of defending them from the French threat. These taxes obligate by Britain were considered to be illegal and caused great dissatisfaction in the c olonies, eventually leading to the outburst of the American Revolution.The most obvious link between the American Revolution and the French and Indian War is that of the taxes imposed by the British for the defense of the colonies from the French threat. The problem with the taxes, which eventually led to the American Revolution, was not that they were high or that they existed at all, it was that the colonists were not consulted about these taxes because they had no representative in the British Parliament (American Revolution). Since there was no representation of the American colonies in the British Parliament, how could there be receipts.The subject of no taxation without representation became one of the reasons why the colonies desired independence from the British government. Particularly this desire for equal rights and representation was the basis of the fight for independence from Great Britain. gross was not the only problem between the British and the Americans. In 1764 , the Parliament passed two acts that upset the colonists even more (Sugar Act and the Currency Act), leading to a boycott of British goods (American Revolution).Confronted with a common enemy, the colonies began to collaborate and from that moment on the road to the American Revolution began. The American colonies benefited greatly from the French and Indian War because this war left the victorious Britain in debt and exhausted so that it was a less threatening adversary by the time the Revolution began. The war unfastened the weakness of British administrative control in the colonies on various fronts (1756-1776) .Through their attempt to cover war losses, the British violated what many American colonists understand as the clear precedent of more than a century of colonial-imperial relations. The taxation issue therefore became the symbol of hoe the relation between the colonies and Great Britain will continue and the necessity of independence occurred. Of course, taxation was n ot the only reason in the American Revolution, but it contributed greatly in setting a common cause in the colonies.The end of the French and Indian War had a significant influence on the American Revolution because until the end of the war, few British North America colonists revolted against their role in the British Empire. Bibliography Bell, Sandra, Savoir Faire the French and Indian War, May/June 2003, available at http//www. collectionscanada. ca/bulletin/015017-0303-05-e. html American Revolution, available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/American_Revolution 1756-1776 The Seven Years War to the American Revolution, available at http//www. tax. org/Museum/1756-1776. htm.

John Updike’s A & Revolution Essay

fast one Updikes A &P speaks for those without voice, champions the defeated, encourages the discouraged, incites the timid, and most importantly, proves the worth of a brave act, further small and insignificant. At the time when John Updikes A & P was written, the social climate was anything but calm. It was way beyond tranquil. From the diachronic view, it was on the verge of a revolution a social revolution. A & P was published in the The New Yorker in the 1960s.As history would afterwards reveal, the 1960s represented an era which saw the rise of American civil rights diements and neoconservativism. This era gave birth to feminism and gay rights. Basic human rights were questioned, revisited, and advocated vigorously. This agitated call forth of the current environment was depicted distinctly in the story. The hero of the story, Sammy, chivalrous and smitten, championed the girls cause by quitting his job, rather impulsively. As John Updikes Sammy put it, form _or_ system of government is what the Kingpins want.What the others want is juvenile delinquency. (Updike 1). Sammy is just aching, anxious, and yearning to break free from the conventionality represented by the supermarket and its so-called policies that when something out of the ordinary disrupts a rather acquit store on a Thursday afternoon, everyone was dislodged from their comfort zones. The girls, youthfulness and attractive, at to the lowest degree to the eyes of Sammy, served as the incendiary agent that will finally light up Sammys inner fire to stand against conformity.As The New Yorkers reader base is largely of the cultured and literary set, John Updikes portrait of a young boy, captivated by a barely clad girl and who does something impetuously, attempts, rather successfully, to challenge the readers to reconsider their own lasts, and views on the pressing matters at the time. (Wells 129) From an impressionistic standpoint, the story expects its reader to comprehend and reac t to Sammy in a port that the emotions solicited from the reader go beyond the text or the dialogue.The story demands that the reader feels the dramatic irony in Sammys condition compassion towards his hopeless ideal of getting the girl but at the similar time rallying behind him in his futile attempt through his brazen move of resigning. However, on the aesthetic view, Toni Saldivars work, The Art of John Updikes A & P, juxtaposes Sammys Queenie with Sandro Botticellis Birth of Venus. The 15th century paintings main attraction is Venus, the Greek goddess of love. With Venus, are two women who appear to be attending to her needs.One figure is even welcoming her as she arrives in the shoreline seemingly to cover her with an adorned cloth just as a servant or lady-in-waiting would assist a queen. Sammy coined a name, Queenie, for his object of affection. John Updike went a little further as to solicit an imagery of boyish vehemence and enjoyment for his readers. The writers reput ation for liking and fantasizing about women can somewhat be gleaned from Sammys description of his Queenie. John Updike makes Sammy describe his Queen and with his manner of description, the striking similarity with that of Botticellis painting is undeniable.The prominent neck, the long, white legs down to the bare feet of Venus in Botticellis painting is the artistic portrayal of Sammys object of affection. Add to that the the painting depicts Venus as coming from the sea, Sammys girls are wearing bikinis and wagered like they just came from the beach. It is at this point that the readers may respect if Sammy had made the illusion gone too out-of-the-way(prenominal) as when he equated the girl that caught his eye to a queen complete with ladies-in-waiting, and has irreparably set himself up for a crashing disappointment.When one reads A & P, the influence of and similarity to James Joyces Araby is clearly evident. Like Araby, John Updikes story is told by a young man now much t he wiser, presumably, for his frustrating infatuation with a beautiful but inaccessible girl whose allure excites him into confusing sexual impulses for those of honor and chivalry. (Wells) The expatiate by which the heroes of both Araby and A & P describe the one they desired are very comparable. Both boys are excited by specified flannel about the girls. (Wells) Sammy referred to Queenies long white prima-donna legs and her white shoulders to which he seemed to cannot get enough of as he repeatedly mentioned them throughout the narrative. Moreover, this allusion to Sammys Queenies naturalness once again reinforces the idea that Sammys object of desire is unattainable one that rises above the mere pestilentity of Sammys common existence. From a representational viewpoint, the 1960s, North Bostonian setting of the story lends some unrealistic elements to the three girls in bikinis coming in the store which is five miles from the beach.At first glance, it seemed that it was al l possibility in Sammys mind as he is imagining things on a rather slow day in his meager job. Three girls in bikinis is a picture very common in a nineteen year old boys mind. However, the presence of skimpily clad girls is not at all far-fetched. It was the 60s after all, where everything is being challenged. It was a period of trying out new things, especially common with the youth. And this change, especially in a community where A&P is situated is being chided by those of the older generation which is represented by Sammys double-decker.Even the attitude and behavior of the shoppers as very timid and seemed like just going through the motions of shopping is very typical. The narration of the events was very real, and very accurate in the way as it is described by a teenager like Sammy. In addition, from a structural viewpoint, This was set in North Boston, five miles from a beach, in the 1960s where women generally put on a shirt or shorts or something before they get out of the car into the street. More precisely, the all narrative was set inside the A&P supermarket.It transpired in only a few minutes just enough for the girls in bikinis to ask and look for the Herring snacks among the aisles and shelves and pay for them. However, the way Sammy described the wholse scene, it seemed like an eternity. It is as if time stopped and took a vacation and everything was in slow motion. Lengel, Sammys boss, is portrayed as a paragon of morality. The fact that he teaches Sunday school says it all. The story was narrated in colloquial speech befitting the times with reference to apathetic shoppers as sheep.It was a rather quiet and uninteresting day in a rather uneventful place as a middle-of-town supermarket. This framework casts the backdrop for Sammys shining moment even though he narrated it as the sad part of the story. The three girls in their bikinis were, to say the least, out of place. Lengel, who doesnt vault that much, along with his iron-clad vir tues and stature in the community beckons him to say something about the extraordinary scene that is already causing quite a commotion in an otherwise dull supermarket.Lengel had to uphold the norm and reinforce the policy. Sammy was a witness to all of these. His Queen was being questioned and put in her place by the mortal Lengel. Sammy, still overwhelmed with passion, decided to do something anything. From a formalist view, everything was seen through the eyes of Sammy. His view on the world, his co-workers, his manager, and his object of desire everything was coming and interpreted from his eyes. The way the store manager frowned upon the girls is typical of an upbringing that emphasizes severe adherence to the norm.North Boston is a conservative community who seemed to not substantiate been affected yet with the changes that are transpire outside. The readers are being given a peek to Sammys thoughts and much importantly, the process by which he reasoned out and made his co urageous decision of quitting his job. It was a pyrrhic victory for the narratives hero. From an impressionistic view, John Updike encourages the readers to rally behind Sammys cause. At the outset, our hero approached his otherwise brazen move with much trepidation.Managing only a whimper of a rather inaudible utterance of his ultimate outcry, he had to utter the words twice for Lengel to hear him and also, and more importantly, to reassure himself of his decision. This can be seen as Updike inciting his readers to encourage and approve the girls unsuspected heros bold action towards an immovable establishment as Lengel. In an era where change is facilitated and promoted, where views are starting to lean toward the liberal, and where the one quiver in our heros voice may as well be heard as a loud roar, Updike wants Sammys I quit to resonate far beyond the reader base of The New Yorker.Updike succeeded in poignantly portraying the ability of the 19-year-old boy in the A & P to defe nd his desires with whatever he has. In the supermarket, he has no power, he has no influence, so in order to voice out his opposition to what was going on, he did the only thing that he could do that will have at least the desired effect he quit. It is regrettable that by the time Sammy stepped out of the supermarket, his girls were gone. The unsung hero will remain, well, unsung and unnoticed. The readers are expected to applaud Sammy for his candor.I, as a reader, wanted to take his hand and shake it and give him a pat on the back for his courage to stand up to his manager. Although I would have cringed at the idea that he is losing a job that is quite important not only to him but his family as well, I would have nevertheless congratulated him for a rather bold display of what he thinks is right. The central conflict of this story transpires in Sammys head the decision whether he will act on what he is feeling, and whether this is the opportune time to challenge the supermarke ts policy or not.Events, descriptions and dialogues in the story revolve around helping Sammy in making this rocky decision. Right after this triumph of sorts, Updike gives us the heros ambivalent epiphany I felt how hard the world was going to be to me futurity. (Updike 1) all told throughout the narrative, the character spoke in a colloquial manner. The choice of the word hereafter seems out of place. Nevertheless, Updike might have purposely used it to express a realization beyond what the hero, as well as the readers, can comprehend at the moment.It speaks of the aftermath of making a bold move, and initiating an unprecedented action. The hereafter in the narrative characterizes uncertainty. Sammy does not regret what he had done, but he expresses hesitation on what is to come and what is to happen. He went in as so far as to predict that it was not something good. Nevertheless, the fact that he looks to the hereafter, how ever dreary it may be, denotes something positive. Sammy looking to his own future and sees something bleak, shows the resiliency of the human spirit. An act, however great and noteworthy, may go unnoticed. It might even bring forth repercussions. Sammy proves to the readers, greater than the indefiniteness looming ahead, it was all worth it. Works Cited Saldivar, Toni. The Art of John Updikes A & P. Studies in forgetful Fiction 34 (1997) 215. Wells, Walter. John Updikes A & P A Return Visit to Araby. Studies in Short Fiction 30 (1993) 127+.

A Moments Indulgence by Rabindranath Tagore Essay

A Moments Indulgence by Rabindranath Tagore was written in 1910 as part of the Gitanjali collection, 157 poems in the original language of Bengali, and 103 in side of meat translated by Tagore himself.Contents hide1 A Moments Indulgence1.1 About the Author1.2 Gitanjali1.3 The Poem1.3.1 Synopsis1.3.2 See Also2 ReferencesAbout the AuthoreditRabindranath Tagore was born on 7th May 1861 in a wealthy family in Calcutta. He was the youngest of the thirteen children born to Debendranath Tagore and Sarada Devi. His father was a great Hindu philosopher and one of the founders of the spectral movement, Brahmo Samaj.His grandfather Dwarakanath Tagore was a rich landlord and social reformer.In 1886, he moved to Brighton, East Sussex, England, to read law. During his stay in England, he attended University College London for around meter, following which he started to independent study the plows of Shakespeare. He returned to Bengal in 1880 without a degree, but with the aspiration of fusing elements of European traditions in his literary works.1Tagore is the most high-pitched Bengali renaissance poet, philosopher, essayist, critic, composer and educator, who dreamt of a harmony of universal humanity among the people of different origin through freedom of mind and spiritual sovereignty. Tagore started writing poetry when he was a child, and in the course of his life was much hailed as the Shakespeare of the East due to generating thoughts on society, religion, aesthetics, education, rural welfare, nationalism and internationalism in his literary works, essays and poetry. 2 One of his most well-kn proclaim and famous collections of poetry is Gitanjali Song Offering which generates thoughts on religion.Tagore died on 7th August 1941 in Jorasanko, the mansion he was raised in. The years out front his death were riddled with periods of illness and pain, which eventually rendered him in a comatose state.GitanjalieditGitanjali (Bengali ) is a collection of poems by the Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. First published in 1910, Tagores collection containing mystical and devotional song poems, was translated to English by Tagore in 1912 before he embarked on a visit to England. The poems were extremely well received, and would be the first of many volumes that earned him much acclaim in the East and West.3The English Gitanjali, or Song Offerings, is a collection of 103 English poems of Tagores own translations from his Bengali poems. This was first published in November 1912 by the India Society of London.4 At the era of publication, the collection was profoundly praised by the best of Tagores literary multiplication in England including W. B. Yeats and A. C. Bradley.5With the enthusiastic assistance from major western poets such as Yeats and Ezra Pound, the volume made an appearance in England.6 The collection was tremendous success and caused a literary sensation, its impact was so great that in the following year, 1913, Tagore became the first Asian poet to be awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for his translated version of his cycle of song-poems, Gitanjali.7.The translations of Tagores work were once a craze, but as Sisirkumar Ghose discusses, Tagore in translation is riddled with problems. His own translations (have) been criticised and have been faulted.8 Robert Frost stated that poetry is that which survives translation. When looking at Tagores poetry, it is questionable how much of his original work survives throughout the process of translation. It is evident that the nuances of rhythm, imagery, verse form, and most importantly language, are inevitably lost. The main criticisms of the Gitanjalis translations were for often not translating the original poem in full, leaving chunks out, and in one instance fusing two separate poems.The PoemeditA Moments IndulgenceI ask for a moments indulgence to sit by thy side. The works that I have in hand I will finish after.Away from the galvanic pile of thy face my heart k nows no rest nor respite,and my work becomes an endless toil in a shoreless sea of toil.Today the summer has come at my windowpane with its sighs and murmurs and the bees are plying their minstrelsy at the court of the flowering grove.Now it is time to sit quite, face to face with thee, and to singdedication of life in this silent and generous leisure.FileTo upload.jpgGitanjali 71. An example of poem 71 from Gitanjali written in Bengali, its original language, with the translation of English beside it. SynopsiseditThe central focus of A Moments Indulgence is about dedicating ones time to God, which clearly brings the devotee joy. The vocaliser is aware that his soul has been engrossed in worldliness, thus putting aside worldly pleasures that man is often disillusioned by, the speaker begins devoting his time to God.The poem begins with the speaker seeking a moments indulgence from his creator. This is evident as he says, he will finish afterwards he task he was doing, in order to connect with his creator. Analogy is used in both verse one and verse two, when he suggests that having to get hold of up your work is a small price to pay to reach the almighty.The second stanza shows the extent of the speakers devotion to his creator. This can be seen through the way he says that when he is away from God, mentally or physically, his heart remains restless, and the tasks at hand seem like they will never end. The illustration of the shoreless sea reinforces that when away from God, one cannot be content. It portrays a clear distinction between the pleasure one receives from worldliness, and the true spiritual joy one gains from devoting time to God.In the third stanza the speaker is talking about the present day, and describes the apricot of the world which is a gift from God. He uses nature imagery to describe the beauty of the day which is being enjoyed by both animals, the bees, plants, and the flowering grove. The speaker also uses sound descriptions of sigh s and murmurs to describe the present day, this has connotations of stop and being at peace in the environment one is in, adding to the spiritual vibe of the poem. This implies that nature is close to God as it is content, reinforcing the second stanzas idea that when away from God a person can not be content.The fourth stanza shows that the speaker believes that the present time is the best time to dedicate himself to God he does this by sing to God andsitting quietly. Surrounding himself with nature, and the speaker believes the silence and free time is the perfect time to devote time to his creator because he is not distrait by worldly tasks and is surrounded by a gift, the beauty of nature, which is from God.

People and Civilizations of the Americas

People and Civilizations of the Americas An ancient civilization called Mesoamerican of the Maya developed a written language which enabled scribes to disk the important actions of rulers and military events. One of the scribes was called the Mayan Scribe. The Mayan Scribe used a complex writing system to record religious concepts and memorializes the actions of their kings. Lady WacChanil-Ahau, the Maya princess, mounted a bevy decorated with rich textiles and animal skins.The Mayans had a urban center called Dos Pilas. Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahaus destination was the Maya city of Naranjo, where she married a powerful nobleman. Her matrimony was eliminated when the regions major military power Caracol, had defeated Naranjo. K ak Tiliw Chan Chaak, the son of Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahau, ascended the throne of Naranjo as a five-year-old in 693 C. E . Chaak was a prodigious builder, exit behind an expanded and beautified capital as part of his legacy.He erected numerous carved stone monuments cal led stelae celebrated her life. The defeat of the city-states of Tikal and Naranjo by Caracol undermined long-standing commercial and political traffic in much of southern Mesoamerica and led to more than a centaury of conflict. Caracol was challenged by the dynasty created at Dos Pilas by the heirs of Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahau. The two shared culture and religion, the commodious Maya cities stayed divided by the dynastic ambitions of their rulers and by the competition for resources.The people of the Americas were in constant competition for resources as the story of Lady Wac-Chanil-Ahaus marriage and her voice in the development of the Maya dynasty suggested them. Members elites organized their societies to meet these challenges, even as their ambition for greater power predictably ignited new conflicts. No single set of political institutions or technologies worked in every environment, and enormous cultural diversity existed in the ancient Americas. Mesoamerica, which is Mexico an d northern Central America and the Andean region extraordinarily productive and diversified agriculture.Cities were built that rivaled the capital of the Chinese and Roman Empire in size and beauty. The rest of the hemisphere, indigenous peoples adapted combinations of run and agriculture to maintain a wide variety of settlement patters, political forms, and cultural traditions. All cultures and civilizations of America experienced cycles of expansion and contraction as they struggled with the challenges of environmental changes, population growth, social conflicts and war.

Contrasting Treadwell and McCandless

Compare and Contrast of Treadwell and McCandless When reading Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer as it docuwork forcets the Journey Chris McCandless took and ceremonial the movie The Grizzly Man as it documents Timothy Treadwells journey to document bears I was struck by how similar the two men, McCandless and Treadwell, really were. Yes, there were a great many differences between the two but also by how similar they were. While two men showed how they hated modern society and matte up a strong desire to live outside of our society, they both also had very different takes on Alaskan wilderness and how to survive in their Journeys.Just as both loved the outdoors, however, the two had very different practices concerning it. Treadwell would return to society every summer to work and prepare for his next outing and Treadwell refused to take a gun with him. In contrast, McCandless spent all of his time outdoors and away from human society unless he absolutely needed to and carried a gun wi th him into the wilderness. Treadwell and McCandless both felt very constrained by human society and preffered to live out in the wilderness if possible.While Treadwell would return to human society for work and to lift m stary or his next outing or teach others about what he learned of the bears, McCandless tried to spend as much time as he possibly could away from other humans. In Chapter five of Into the Wild it was documented that McCandless had spent at least thirty-six days without seeing other human at one point and throughout the first six chapters it is documented that the most time he ever spent in one place was two months in say to raise money to go to Alaska. Furthermore, McCandless did his best to keep people distant from him by changing his name and talent false nformation.McCandless did his best to not tell anyone where he was going, cut off all ties with his parents, and took no one with him when he went to Alaska. Comparing this to Treadwell, who told people wher e he was going, how yen he was staying, and at a certain point started to take his girlfriend and it shows a great difference between the two men. Treadwell was a peaceful man, if excited due to mental disorders he refused to treat. He loved the animals he documented in his time in the wilderness, expecially the bears, and swore to never hurt them.Due to his, Treadwell never took a gun, capsicum pepper plant spray, or even bear repellent with him during his ten historic period of going to the Maze. Though essentric, Treadwell was actually rather smart in keeping the animals calm as he interacted with them. McCandless, though he displayed no real inclinations towards violence, was aware of the dangers in the wilderness. He knew the dangers of bears and wild animals and had taken a gun with him, a . 22, in order to hunt and possibly for protection even if he knew it would not actually be effective against large animals such as moose, caribou, or bears.The two men had very differen t views of the animals in the wilderness as is shown by this. Treadwell loved them to the point he would rather risk death then harm them epoch McCandless saw the dangers and prepared for them. The two men also greatly differed in how they prepared for their trips. Treadwell was well prepared with pleanty of provisions and the nessisary gear. This became more prevalent during his final years due to him having his girlfriend with him as he Alaskan wilds brought on by Jack Londons books, among others, resulted in him being woefully unprepared. When entering the Alaskan wiled the first day,McCandless solo had some spare clothes, some books, a few pounds of rice, and his gun. The two men died in the Alaskan wilds due, mostly in part, to their recklessness and over-estimation on how much they could handle. Treadwell stayed nightlong than he should have and this resulted in both he and his girlfriend tragically dying at the jaws of a starving grizzly. Had they left as planned sooner o f returning to the wilds due a mishap the two would have survived. McCandless went into the wilds and did surprisingly well for himself due to sheer dumb luck that eventually ran out.His choice to go unprepared and believing he could live off the land proved fatal when he was unable to get enough food and he behind starved to death Just days before hunters arrived at the shelter that became his temporary grave. The two men showed a remarkable love for the wilderness and strove to modify their lives for the better and live amongst the romanticized versions of what is actually a harsh reality. Despite both men dying in the wilderness, personal opinion leads me to believe that McCandless was more made in his ultimate goal to change his life.Treadwell ad wanted to raise awareness of the bears plight and protect them but had more than likely severely disgraced the bears by habituating them to humans that could lead to more fatalities. McCandless had wanted to change his life, find a purpose. He wanted to leave society behind and see if he could truly live away from it. While he ultimately died in Alaska his entire trip before the event, traveling cross country, and even to Mexico, had changed his life and views. forward to his final days in Alaska it was shown that McCandless had achieved what he had set out to get, his own happiness.

Pamphlet analysis Essay

The purpose of this snap pamphlet is to influence and stoop as much good deal as quite a little to soak up the lease. The pamphlet in addition briefly refers what the film is going to be about. This pamphlet attempts to do these things by visual, layout and language takes to get its purpose.A visual feature that helps to achieve its purpose is colour which is alone over the film pamphlet. Colours may be utilize to lay down a relishing or mood depending on the context. In this particular film pamphlet, the act upon prepare been charge totakeher to establish a sentimentalist feel. The two most unmistakable influence on the cover of the film pamphlet argon the orange of the title and the bolshie of the chilli. These two colours are clearly creating a romantic sense. The tone of the title is quite light and that helps emphasise the feel of the advertisement for the title is called A Touch of Spice. Having a light tone makes it seem as though the title was written o ut with orange spicerys and supports the word touch in the title which means a small amount in this context. The large chilli on the front of the cover is highly saturated.The red on the chilli is of a high degree of purity and that helps the advertisement gain the attention of consumers and wishwise creates a romantic feel in this context. Red in this ad can be seen as an allusion because red is a rattling popular colour on Valentines Day http//www.youtube.com/ accompany?v=l43rqt12KcE which is seen as a very romantic day where many people buy cards and flowers and even course of study special occasions for the ones they love. The many colours on this pamphlet achieve their purpose by creating a romantic feeling or mood and that will hopefully lure many people who manage romantic films to watch this particular film.A nonher visual feature that helps to achieve its purpose is the font sizes and piece style of the text on the film pamphlet. Font sizes and styles can be use to he lp create a sense or mood by doing things much(prenominal) as looking if as though the writing were done in blood, this would create a sense of horror or danger. The title A Touch of Spice on the film pamphlet is the most large and clear because of its approveground. The title is commonly in the largest font and in this case, it is no different. This is use to hopefully gain the attention of the consumer to come and watch the film or pick up the pamphlet. The title is written in a very inbred way so it makes it seem asthough someone had put some spices on a table and written the titles out with their finger.It is quite cleat that the font is not times new roman because there are lines that are sticking out of the letters which creates the effect that to make it seem as though as if it were written. By having the title in such a way it creates a mystifying and exotic feel. On the back of the film pamphlet, there is a small section of writing where it is obvious that it is in a f oreign language. The small section in a different language near guarantees that the film will be from another country. Using this technique, it will be able to attract as much viewers as possible who like foreign films and in turn achieve its purpose.A very effective technique on this particular film pamphlet would be the logotypetype. A logo can be employ to help the advertisement gain the attention from consumers such as the Sony logo on one of their products. The logo on their product would tell the consumer that the product was at a very high quality because of their reputation. On this particular film pamphlet, a logo or badge has been put in the corner of it saying that is was the no.1 film at the Greek box office for an amazing 7 weeks. This would assure many viewers that the film would be good because of its great performance in Greek. The logo achieves its purpose by hopefully building a good reputation, which the quotes on the back of the pamphlet in addition do, so i t is able to lure as much viewers as possible to watch the film.A language technique that is used on this particular film pamphlet is repetition. Repetition is often used to help send a core across to a viewer and help them to remember the message that was put across. Repetition is ubiquitously found on the cover of the film pamphlet. The theme of spices and food is found all over the cover of the film pamphlet in simple sentences.Cinnamon is bitter and sweet, just like a womanA beautiful, touching romance that will leave you craving for moreSalt is used as needed to spice up ones lifePepper is hot and scorches, just like the sunAll of these sentences, which are all found on the front cover, relate to a theme of spices and food and then link the food to another subject such as a woman or life. Therepetition on this film pamphlet is attempting to reinforce the title A Touch of Spice which emphasises the fact that the film is a romantic film and would leave them craving for more. Th e insistent messages of spices and links to romance would put up been received by the viewer and so achieves its purpose so tempting them to come and watch the film.Another language technique used on this film pamphlet is adjectives. Products and service are usually described with adjectives to hopefully appeal to consumers to purchase the product. In this particular case, adjectives are not used to describe the film itself but to describe other things which the film is relating to. The film pamphlet compares spices to things such women.Cinnamonis better and sweet just like a womanPepper is hot and scorches, just like the sunBoth of these quotes contain adjectives to describe spices and link them to romantic themes. The second quote links pepper to the sun where they say both are hot. This creates a sense of passion and exoticness to viewers so they understand that this film is a romantic one.Another language feature that is used to help the film pamphlet achieve its purpose is c oaxing language. Persuasive language helps to convince consumers by using powerful and effective language to hopefully get people to buy the product. On the back of the film pamphlet, there are four quotes from people who seemed to put one across watched the movie and enjoyed it.A film of international standards and genuine emotionis undoubtedly one of the best gastronomic movies I have seen.an intensely moving experienceAll these quotes are the reviews or ideas of those who have already watched the film. The people who created this particular chose these reviews because it is their opinion that the film is of a very high quality. By getting the message through to the consumer that the film is truly good, more people would be interested to watch the movie so the film pamphlet has achieved its purpose.A layout technique which has been used on this film pamphlet is text boxes. Text boxes are usually used in ads to help make the ad easier to read and tohelp all of the text to stand out. For this film pamphlet, there are many text boxes because there are many sections of text on the back with equal importance. On the back of the film pamphlet, there are many quotes which praise the film and the advertisers would have wanted to make sure that the viewers did not miss that section. The blurb is also in a text box and that is where the creators of the film give their own description of the film and where they give their own praise. Boxes have not been only to help text to be read more easily but also for images to stand out. Since there are many pictures on the back cover of the film pamphlet, they can be made more easily seen and recognised if they are in boxes. Text boxes have been effectively used in this film pamphlet to help important information to be unmissed and easily read and that is how they achieve their purpose.The film pamphlet is created to help attract as much viewers as possible to watch their movie. The film pamphlet attempts to do so by using vi sual, language and layout techniques to help inform people that the film is of a high quality so they can persuade as many people as possible.bibliographypamphlet 1994